Article 36

An advanced electronic seal shall meet the following requirements: (a) it is uniquely linked to the creator of the seal; (b) it is capable of identifying the creator of the seal; (c) it is created using electronic seal creation data that the creator of the seal can, with a high level of confidence under its control, use for electronic seal creation; and (d) it is linked to the data to which it relates in such a way that any subsequent change in the data is detectable.

By 21 May 2026 , the Commission shall assess whether it is necessary to adopt implementing acts to establish a list of reference standards and, where necessary, establish specifications and procedures for advanced electronic seals. On the basis of that assessment, the Commission may adopt such implementing acts. Compliance with the requirements for advanced electronic seals shall be presumed where an advanced electronic seal complies with those standards, specifications and procedures. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 48(2).